Energy Systems Research

Assessment of Faults in the Performance of Hydropower Plants within Power Systems

Alireza Zabihi — 2024-08-15

Energy is crucial for a country's development, with renewable and non-renewable sources being the most environmentally friendly. One advantage of a hydropower plant is that it produces clean, renewable energy, while a disadvantage is that it can have negative impacts on local ecosystems and wildlife. This study focusses on monitoring and assessing faults such as changes in reference power and three-phase short circuits in hydropower plant. The analysis involves examining these faults in various parameters, including voltage and current of the generator, power and reactive power, generator output power, deviation in generator speed from its rated speed, generator rotational speed, torque, and d and q axis voltage of the generator. The simulations were conducted using MATLAB/Simulink. The results of the simulations demonstrate the effects of these faults on the parameters, providing valuable insights for monitoring the hydropower plant under such conditions. Overall, the generator's performance in both scenarios demonstrates its reliability and effectiveness in maintaining power supply during unexpected events. The successful outcomes in both cases highlight the importance of having a robust and well-functioning generator system in place for ensuring continuous power supply.

The Current State and Prospects for the Development of the Russian Gas Industry in a New Geopolitical Landscape

T.V. Dzyubina — 2024-08-15

The relevance of the research into the current state and directions of development of the Russian gas industry arises from factors influencing it. These include aging equipment, depletion of gas reserves in large fields, insufficient maneuverability, as well as profound shocks caused by the global economic crisis and changes in the geopolitical landscape worldwide. In this regard, it is crucial to add another dimension to the two main areas of the gas industry development (smart energy systems and integrated energy systems). This is research into the prospects for the use of Russian gas (exports and increasing domestic consumption) in the new geopolitical context. This paper also raises questions about the institutional organization of the gas industry and, as a consequence, problems in its management. The study examines the current state of Russian pipeline natural gas exports to the European Union and the East, in particular to China. It is also noted that there is a reduction in gas supplies to Europe due to the sanctions imposed by the EU and the USA in connection with the change in the geopolitical situation caused by the special military operation started on February 24, 2022. The main difficulties encountered by Russian gas companies are related to changes in logistics, i.e., the need to redirect gas export flows from the West to the East. In addition to the fact that the existing gas industry infrastructure is designed to supply gas to the countries located to the West of Russia, many eastern gas markets are too distant geographically or focused on the supply of liquefied natural gas. China is not yet a full partner in the gas sector. Domestic gas consumption requires large investments both in the expansion of gas infrastructure and in the construction of gas processing plants in the country. Nevertheless, possible directions for the program of gas industry development in the coming years were formulated. Not all of the areas mentioned can be implemented and many of those that are possible may require additional investments and government support, especially since Western sanctions can potentially last for 3-5 years.

IEEE Terms Analysis of 2019-2024 IEEE Xplore Data on the Topic of Energy Systems

B.N. Chigarev — 2024-08-15

The keyword selection is crucial for the search of relevant literature and requires justification of queries to abstract databases and other sources to ensure accuracy and completeness of material collection. The topic "Energy Systems" is especially relevant due to the advancements of renewable energy sources, the application of modern management techniques and the increasing complexity of energy systems during the energy transition. The purpose of this work was to identify keywords that will be useful to subject-matter experts when gathering literature on the given topic, based on the records in the IEEE Terms field. Bibliometric data were exported from the IEEE Xplore platform in the following order: each 2,000 records sorted by relevance for the years 2019-2023 and 1,680 records relevant as of April 11, 2024 for the year 2024. The analysis rests on VOSviewer and Scimago Graphica, implementing the Clauset-Newman-Moore algorithm, and the agglomerative hierarchical clustering method implemented in Multidendrograms. Based on the findings, the main aspects of the Energy Systems topic are presented in tabular and graphical formats. The use of the fpgrowth utility demonstrated flexible capabilities in data preparation, which makes it worthwhile to conduct a separate study to analyze the ranking of the term co-occurrence obtained with its application.

Forecasting Day-Ahead Electricity Prices using Technical Prediction Methods

V.A. Rozhkov — 2024-08-15

This paper examines specific features of electricity as a commodity and analyzes the subsequent difficulties arising when accurately forecasting the clearing wholesale electricity price. Statistical methods (different kinds of linear regression), machine learning algorithms (random forest, support vector machines, etc.) and deep learning models (perceptrons, recurrent neural networks) are applied for forecasting the supplier’s clearing electricity price for the 2^nd price zone of the Russian wholesale electricity and capacity market. The forecasting results are evaluated using statistical error metrics such as R², MSE, MAE, and others. The complexities arising from the volatile and nonlinear nature of electricity prices, as well as the challenges in comparing prediction models due to diverse datasets and evaluation metrics are addressed. The need to establish an open platform for exchanging forecasting methods and datasets, including electricity price and auxiliary features, is substantiated. The open platform will also facilitate cooperation among researchers worldwide to evaluate and enhance the accuracy and competitiveness of short-term electricity price forecasting methods.