Energy Systems Research

Hardware and software complex for research and testing of new methods and technologies for automation of processes in distribution electric networks

2024-09-19T17:56:16+03:00

Currently, in order to automate and digitalize processes in electrical distribution networks (DEN), ASCME software and hardware systems are widely used, which are mainly designed to solve problems of commercial electricity metering. At the same time, these automated systems do not solve such urgent problems as optimizing the operating modes of distribution networks, operational monitoring of technical and commercial losses of electricity, as well as diagnosing network conditions, including localizing the coordinates of unauthorized withdrawals of electricity (UWE). To date, the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic and a number of foreign scientific centers have developed the scientific foundations and technologies for solving the above problems in real time. In order to test and study the effectiveness of these new results, it is advisable to create an automated experimental complex (AEC), which is essentially a physical model of ASCME. This is due to the fact that the use of automated information systems currently used in distribution networks for this purpose is practically impossible. This article discusses the general structure, functional tasks and main directions of research using AEC. The complex includes a physical model of the distribution network and the main functional elements of modern automated control and accounting systems for electricity (ASCAE), such as a data concentrator, a computer server, single-phase and three-phase electricity meters and a telecommunications module for transmitting and receiving data. The basis of the special software of the experimental complex is made up of new methods and technologies for solving the above functional problems, which are not included in modern AMR systems. The AEC is planned to be used not only for conducting scientific research and experiments, but also for the educational process in technical universities that have training programs in electric power engineering.

On Visual Data Analysis of IEEE Xplore Bibliometric Records on Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Power Systems

2024-09-04T12:10:56+03:00

This paper addresses the lack of analytical tools for visual data analysis in IEEE Xplore, an abstract database of publications on technical problems in electronics and electrical engineering. The openness of the platform and the good fillability of a large number of bibliometric record fields make it attractive for visual data analysis. The topic of machine learning and artificial intelligence applied to power systems, which are critical issues in the energy transition process, is chosen as an example for visual data analysis. The programs and utilities used for data analysis were VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica, FP-Growth algorithm, Inkscape, and MultiDendrograms. The use of IEEE Terms field data to identify publication topics in the exported data is analyzed in the most comprehensive way. This paper can be considered a reference for professionals interested in bibliometric analysis and visualization of IEEE Xplore data.

Mathematical Modeling of Heating Systems Considering Distributed Energy Generation

2024-08-23T11:48:33+03:00

The analysis of scientific and methodological studies has revealed a substantial interest in the issues related to the development of centralized-distributed heating systems. In this context, the need arises to devise new approaches to managing the operation and expansion of these systems, as well as to revising the available methods of their design and mathematical modeling. The global experience shows that the integration of distributed generation facilities into district heating systems enhances their reliability, safety, and energy efficiency. This is due to their increasing controllability, improvement in environmental characteristics, as well as the possibility for operation of distributed generators both autonomously under emergencies and within a single network. The paper presents the key technological heating diagrams implementing distributed generation. A two-level hierarchy of building a centralized-distributed heating system is proposed. The study on optimal distribution of loads between centralized sources and a peak boiler house, along with the corresponding flow distribution in the networks, relies on the method of undetermined Lagrange multipliers. This method facilitates calculating the costs of heat production and transportation through the networks. Heat flow is controlled through the implementation of intelligent control systems. Such systems allow for prompt response to changes in demand for heat and, accordingly, adequate adaptation of centralized and distributed sources to the altered conditions of their operation. Thus, we achieve both the optimization of heat transfer agent costs and the minimization of the risks associated with overloads during emergencies.

Energy Demand Projections under Decarbonization of the Russian Economy

2024-11-10T15:20:31+03:00

This study discusses energy demand projections in the context of the transition to a low-carbon model of economic growth in line with the adopted Strategy for Long-Term Development of the Russian Federation with Low Greenhouse Gas Emissions to 2050. We analyze the key areas for enhancing energy efficiency in different sectors of the economy through structural changes, adoption of low-carbon technologies, deep electrification of manufacturing and non-manufacturing processes. The study relies on a set of interrelated optimization, simulation, and input-output models as its methodological backbone. Each of the models serves its specific purpose and is tailored to a specific level of data aggregation. We report our projections of the dynamics of demand for fuel and energy for one of the scenarios of economic development to 2060 under decarbonization of the Russian economy. We show the future dynamics of energy intensity reduction as compared to that of the leading countries of the world. The study also provides estimates of extra demand for electricity resulting from active electrification of industrial and household processes, as well as intensification of electric transport development. Even though our findings are admittedly exploratory and warrant further research, they allow outlining a possible range of changes in energy consumption in Russia at different rates of diffusion of low-carbon technologies and can be instrumental in developing long-term programs and strategies for economic and energy development.

Economic Principles of Cross-Border Power Flow Control

2025-04-10T14:09:09+03:00

The paper explores the economic principles underlying the control of cross-border power flows in interconnected electricity markets. Emphasizing the dual role of national control centers, it presents a framework where both engineering constraints and market dynamics guide operational decisions. Using real-world data from the Azerbaijani power system, the study analyzes supply and demand curves, equilibrium pricing, and the cost-effectiveness of domestic versus imported electricity under various load conditions. A practical methodology is proposed for integrating incremental cost analysis into supervisory control systems, enhancing real-time decision-making capabilities. The findings offer valuable insights into optimizing capacity allocation and ensuring economically viable power exchanges in modern energy systems.

Identifying The Optimal Capacity and Locations for Battery Energy Storage Systems Within Power Grids

2024-10-09T18:33:28+03:00

The vigorous development of the energy sector relying on renewable energy power plants and advanced distribution networks has considerably heightened interest in energy storage systems. Battery energy storage systems can resolve an extensive range of various issues, such as uneven RES-based power generation, load peaks, and power quality in distribution networks. The primary challenge in integrating battery storage systems arises at the design phase and is associated with the choice of their capacity and sites for installation within power grids. These parameters are determined considering the minimal construction and operating costs, while ensuring electricity supply to all consumers. Following the above, the study formulates the problem of sizing and siting battery storage systems in a power grid. An objective function and a system of constraints are established. Based on the developed formulation, calculations are carried out on a test diagram of the power grid. Conclusions are made based on the calculation results.

The Use of Thyristor-Based Static VAR Compensators to Enhance Distribution System Security

2025-04-14T12:15:26+03:00

Nowadays, FACTS devices are commonly used for voltage regulation and optimal control of operating parameters of power systems. Controllable FACTS devices relying on power electronics can be used to obtain the required characteristic curve not only for power transmission lines, but also for a specific part of the electrical system. This paper reports the results of a study on operating conditions of a real-world distribution system that has a static thyristor-based VAR compensator (SVC) installed to enhance its security. The efficiency of distribution systems and available ranges of their operating conditions largely depend on the placement of compensation devices and the rules governing their capacity. We propose a consistent approach based on graph theory methods to address this issue. The approach involves examining the conditions for nodal voltage stabilization to reduce the total active power loss in the electrical network. The ranges of variation in SVC capacity are identified and appropriate SVC control rules required to ensure the lowest possible total power loss in the network are established.