Energy Systems Research

Development Issues of Systems for Automation and Digitalization of Power Distribution Networks

Turatbek Omorov — 2023-01-29

This paper studies 0.4 kV power distribution networks (PDNs) and automated systems for electricity monitoring and metering (ASEMM). As is known, a main task of ASEMMs is to digitalize PDNs, which is aimed at improving the efficiency and reliability of their operation. It is advisable that new models, methods, and intelligent technologies used for automation and informatization of distribution networks should also be focused on minimizing their power losses, which are currently fairly high and significantly compromise the technical and economic performance of automation systems employed and PDNs. Modern (conventional) ASEMMs, implemented at the facilities of utilities, do not have the appropriate technical, algorithmic, and software tools to reduce power losses in the PDN. This is due to the fact that conventional ASEMMs mainly collect remote data from the system meters and ensure their digital processing for the purpose of revenue metering of electricity. In this regard, the paper proposes methodological, algorithmic, and digital technologies to accomplish a set of new functional tasks in the conventional ASEMMs, aimed at reducing power losses in PDNs by optimizing their operating conditions.

A Technology for Predictive Estimation of Meteorological Parameters on the Basis of the Global Climate Model CFSv2

Valeria Petruhina — 2023-01-29

The paper presents a technology for predictive estimation of meteorological indicators based on the global climate model CFSv2. This technology provides continuous monitoring of current and prognostic indicators of the state of the atmosphere (temperature, pressure, humidity, precipitation, etc.) in the catchment basin of Lake Baikal. The monitoring and data analysis tasks are briefly described as well as the operation algorithms for the main software components intended to obtain predictive distributions of weather indicators for the average values of a given time period, predictive scenarios of the dynamics of their changes for a selected point or a separate basin. The technology involves adjusting the weights of individual ensembles of predictive data of the global CFSv2 system, which provides more reliable predictive estimates.

Prognostic Maps of Climatic Indicators Based on a Multivariate Neural Network

Vladislav Berdnikov — 2023-01-29

The paper is concerned with the construction of maps of climatic indicators using a multivariate neural network. The application of the k-means clustering method for processing input data entering a neural network is described. An alternative neural model is considered within the framework of the multivariate neural network evolution.

Analysis of China and the World's Energy Security Issues

Zhuxi Yang — 2023-01-29

Energy security is an important part of the national security system. Affected by global geopolitics and the spread of the novel corona virus pneumonia, China's energy security is facing severe challenges. Energy is the most basic driving force for the development and economic growth of the whole world, and it is the basis for human survival. The issue of energy security has arisen since the Industrial Revolution. With the increasing demand for energy in human society, energy security has been gradually getting closely linked with political and economic security. By the middle of the 21st century, or around 2050, oil resources will be exhausted, and prices will rise substantially, according to a common estimate by economists and scientists. If the new energy system is not established at this time, the energy crisis will sweep the world, especially the developed countries that strongly depend on oil resources. How to comprehensively and efficiently utilize domestic energy resources, control and reduce the scale of oil and gas imports, and ensure energy security are still urgent research issues for China's high-quality and sustainable development.

On the Problem of Optimal Control of the Motion of Two-Link Planar Manipulator with Nonseparated Multipoint Intermediate Conditions

Vanya Barseghyan — 2023-01-29

The study focuses on the problem of optimal control of the motion of a two-link planar manipulator on a fixed base with given initial and final conditions, nonseparated conditions for the values of the phase vector at intermediate times, and with a quality criterion given over the entire time interval. It is assumed that absolutely rigid links of the manipulator are interconnected by an ideal cylindrical hinge, and the similar hinge is used to attach the first link to the base. The optimal rules of changing the control moments are constructed, which allow the manipulator to move from a given initial state to a final one, satisfying nonseparated multipoint intermediate conditions. An application of the proposed approach is exemplified by constructed control functions and the corresponding motion with given nonseparated conditions for the values of the phase vector coordinates at some two intermediate times.

Reengineering the “Oil and Gas of Russia” Software to Meet the Requirements of Current Resilience Studies in the Gas Industry

Gleb Danilov — 2023-01-29

Research into energy models often has to rely on the functionality provided by legacy software that cannot correctly satisfy the needs of the researcher due to the request to perform tasks that were not provided by the developer during the creation of these products. To solve these problems, reengineering of legacy software is used. In particular, it was decided to reengineer software to solve the problem of flow distribution in the gas transmission system (GTS) and find bottlenecks in it with the aid of geographic information technology. The main disadvantages of the legacy software were the inability to add a new calculation scheme or modernize it, and the inability to use geocode. The reengineering methods applied involve: 1) analysing legacy software for module connectivity; 2) choosing a framework with the capability to develop geographic information systems; 3) reworking the architecture of the software module to implement the function of adding objects of the calculation model; 4) integrating software with an embedded database management system for compactness and the ability to save changes made. These solutions made it possible to update the software and give the researcher a convenient tool for creating and correcting calculation schemes using geographic information technologies for help. Geocoding support enables the expansion of the existing energy models by adding objects based on the data provided by geographic information services for the requested tag and the research to determine new optimal solutions for transporting energy resources.

Enhancing Security of the Belarusian Power System in the Context of Nuclear Power Expansion

Michail Kashin — 2023-01-29

The security of the Belarusian power system has been historically affected by both internal and external factors. The commissioning of a nuclear power plant (Belarusian NPP) in the Republic of Belarus in 2021 caused radical transformations in the power system due to the need to ensure reliable power output from the plant. Along with changes currently observed in the topology of internal 330 kV grids, there are also changes in the structure of external intersystem 330 kV tie lines. The Belarusian power system is connected to the UES of Russia via one 750 kV transmission line, which brings about the issue of regulating active power flows between the grids of 330 kV and 750 kV voltage classes. Due to the specific structure of the backbone grid of the Belarusian power system and its external connections, we propose solving the above problem by using the phase-shifting transformer (PST) as a type of a phase-shifter to be installed at the backbone 750/330 kV substation Belorusskaya. The paper presents the results of computational experiments, which confirm the efficiency of this type of the PST in the repair and post-emergency states of the Belarusian power system, and an analysis of technical and economic performance indicators.

Country-Specific Aspects of Operations of Wholesale Power and Capacity Markets

Yulia Dobrynina — 2023-01-29

The modern energy sector, in both the Russian Federation and other countries, features the so-called “finer points,” the challenging issues addressed in many analytical documents as well as in published research. The paper discusses key electric power market developments in different countries, the dynamics of indicators measuring their performance, the results of actions taken to date, as well as the approaches to their regulation and influencing the quality of power supplied. We consider the main features of the adopted regulatory models and the basic principles adhered to by electric utilities as means of successful expansion planning and operation under given conditions.

The purpose of this research is to study individual elements of operations of energy markets and the features of regulation as applied to the models originating from abroad and from domestic wholesale electricity and capacity markets. The study also takes into account the technology-related aspects such as the level of reliability of the power system. The study outlines the development vector for the effective operation of generating companies in a given context. The focus is on the areas with the highest potential in terms of contributing to growth.

The scope of the paper also covers an overview of key trends of electricity market operations, both as practiced abroad and in this country. We present market models and discuss different approaches to determining the level of quality and reliability of electric power supply.