Investigations on OTC-MPPT Strategy and FRT Capability for PMSG Wind System with the Support of Optimized Wind Side Controller Based on GWO Technique

Abstract

Stable operation of permanent-magnet synchronous generator-based wind turbines (PMSG-WTs) is a challenging and complicated objective. Dealing with the hard situations and complex operations of the PMSG-WTs has recently become a hot issue in modern power systems. The abilities of PMSG-WT to ride over faults and operate at maximum power point (MPP) are the most critical requirements for national grid regulations. To maintain the system's reliability, PMSG-WT should remain linked to the grid during normal and abnormal conditions. Furthermore, PMSG-WT has the potential to inject reactive power during failures. It produces active and reactive power to maintain grid voltage immediately after the fault is cleared. This research uses MATLAB/Simulink to investigate the operation at MPP during wind speed changes and FRT capability during three-phase fault of PMSG-WT to validate the support of grey wolf optimizer (GWO)-based PI controllers at the wind side converter. The findings reveal that, when PMSG-WT is exposed to a fault, active and reactive power react in a complementary manner, i.e., active power to the grid drops, and injected reactive power rises to stabilize the system. While during wind speed changes the system achieves MPP operation using an optimal torque control strategy, and the output power follows the wind variations.